View source for Kosakata IELTS Writing Task 1

Kumpulan lengkap kosakata dan ''chunk'' (frasa siap pakai) yang frekuensinya tinggi di Academic Task 1. Prinsip: '''hafal chunk-nya, bukan kata satuan''' — chunk langsung bawa grammar dan kolokasi yang benar.

Struktur Task 1 sebagai konteks:

 +--------------------------------------------------+
 |  INTRO      : 1 kalimat, parafrase soal          |
 |  OVERVIEW   : 1-2 kalimat, tren besar TANPA angka|
 |  BODY 1     : detail + angka, kelompok logis     |
 |  BODY 2     : detail + angka, kelompok logis     |
 |  (TIDAK ADA opini / "in conclusion")             |
 +--------------------------------------------------+

== Prioritas hafalan (waktu mepet 2 minggu) ==

* ☐ '''Wajib duluan (80% dari semua soal):''' Bagian 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
* ☐ Menyusul: Bagian 1, 2, 8
* ☐ Terakhir tapi JANGAN skip: Bagian 10 (process) dan 11 (maps)
* ☐ Bagian 9 hanya kalau grafik ada tahun masa depan

== 1. Intro — parafrase soal ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Kata di soal !! Ganti dengan
|-
| shows || illustrates / compares / provides information about / gives data on
|-
| chart / graph || bar chart, line graph, pie chart, table, diagram
|-
| percentage || proportion / share
|-
| number || figure / quantity
|-
| people || individuals / residents / inhabitants
|-
| from 1990 to 2010 || between 1990 and 2010 / over a period of 20 years / over two decades
|-
| in three countries || across three nations
|}

'''Chunk pembuka baku:'''
* ''The line graph illustrates...''
* ''The table compares X in terms of Y...''
* ''The diagram shows the process by which...''
* ''The two maps illustrate how X changed between... and...''

== 2. Overview — chunk wajib ==

Overview adalah penentu band terbesar di Task Achievement. Tanpa overview → mentok band 5.

* ''Overall, ...''
* ''Overall, it is clear that...''
* ''The most striking feature is that...''
* ''X was consistently higher than Y throughout the period''
* ''All categories experienced an upward/downward trend, with the exception of...''
* ''Despite some fluctuation, ...''

'''Aturan:''' tren besar saja, TANPA angka spesifik.

== 3. Verba tren (CORE) ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Fungsi !! Verba
|-
| Naik || rise, increase, grow, climb, go up
|-
| Naik tajam/cepat || surge, soar, rocket, shoot up, jump
|-
| Turun || fall, decline, decrease, drop, dip
|-
| Turun tajam || plummet, plunge, slump
|-
| Stabil || remain stable / steady / constant / unchanged, level off, plateau, stabilise
|-
| Fluktuasi || fluctuate, oscillate, vary
|-
| Recover || recover, rebound, bounce back
|}

Hampir semua punya '''versi noun''' — penting buat variasi struktur (lihat Bagian 5):
''a rise, an increase, a fall, a decline, a drop, a surge, a dip, a peak, a trough''

== 4. Adverb / adjective derajat & kecepatan ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Derajat !! Adverb !! Bentuk adjective
|-
| Besar || dramatically, sharply, significantly, substantially, considerably, markedly || a dramatic/sharp/significant rise
|-
| Sedang || moderately, noticeably || a moderate/noticeable increase
|-
| Kecil || slightly, marginally, modestly || a slight/marginal fall
|-
| Cepat || rapidly, quickly, swiftly || a rapid growth
|-
| Lambat/stabil || gradually, steadily, slowly, consistently || a gradual/steady decline
|}

'''Kolokasi aman:''' rise sharply, fall dramatically, increase gradually, decline steadily, grow rapidly

'''JANGAN:''' <s>increase strongly</s>, <s>fall deeply</s>

== 5. Dua struktur kalimat inti ==

Drill sampai otomatis:

{| class="wikitable"
! Struktur !! Contoh
|-
| Verb + adverb || ''Sales rose sharply from X to Y.''
|-
| There was + adj + noun || ''There was a sharp rise in sales, from X to Y.''
|-
| Subjek + saw/experienced || ''X saw / experienced / witnessed / underwent a sharp rise.''
|-
| Periode sebagai subjek || ''The period saw a threefold increase in...''
|}

== 6. Angka & data ==

* ''at 25% / stood at 25% / accounted for 25% / represented a quarter''
* ''rose from 20% to 45% / by 25 percentage points''
* ''reached a peak of... / peaked at... in 2005''
* ''hit a low of... / fell to its lowest point/level''
* ''doubled / tripled / halved / increased threefold / fourfold''
* ''twice as high as / three times higher than''

'''Aproksimasi:''' approximately, roughly, around, just over, just under, slightly more than, nearly, almost, well over

'''Pecahan:''' a quarter, a third, half, two-thirds, three-quarters, the (vast) majority, a (small) minority, a fifth

== 7. Perbandingan ==

* ''X was significantly/considerably/slightly higher than Y''
* ''by far the highest / the most popular category''
* ''whereas / while / in contrast / by contrast / conversely''
* ''similarly / likewise / a similar pattern can be seen in...''
* ''X overtook Y in 2005'' (nyalip)
* ''the gap between X and Y narrowed/widened''
* ''X lagged behind Y'' / ''Y trailed X''
* ''respectively'' → ''France and Spain recorded 30% and 25% respectively''
* ''the former... the latter...''

== 8. Waktu & sequencing ==

* ''over the period / throughout the period / during the first decade''
* ''at the beginning/start of the period... by the end of the period...''
* ''in the following/subsequent years / thereafter / from then on / from this point onwards''
* ''prior to 2000 / before this date''
* ''by 2010'' ≠ ''in 2010'' — "by" artinya pada titik itu SUDAH tercapai
* ''over the next five years / in the space of a decade''

== 9. Prediksi (grafik dengan tahun masa depan) ==

* ''is expected to / is projected to / is predicted to / is forecast to rise''
* ''is likely to reach...''
* ''will have doubled by 2030''

== 10. Process diagram ==

Set kosakata terpisah, '''wajib passive voice'''. Sering bikin panik pas exam — jangan skip.

'''Pembuka & jumlah tahap:'''
* ''The process consists of / involves six main stages''

'''Sequencing:'''
* ''First / To begin with / At the first stage''
* ''Following this / Subsequently / After that''
* ''Once X has been completed''
* ''At the final stage / Finally''

'''Passive verbs frekuensi tinggi:'''
* ''is collected, is transported, is heated, is filtered, is stored, is packaged, is delivered''

'''Struktur lanjutan:'''
* ''before being + V3'' → ''the water is filtered before being bottled''
* ''whereupon / at which point''
* Siklus: ''the process then repeats / returns to the first stage''

== 11. Maps ==

'''Lokasi:'''
* ''to the north/south of, on the western side, adjacent to, opposite, in the city centre, on the outskirts''

'''Perubahan (passive lagi):'''
* ''was demolished / was knocked down''
* ''was constructed / was built''
* ''was converted into''
* ''was replaced by''
* ''was extended / was expanded''
* ''was relocated to''

'''Chunk penilai:'''
* ''The area underwent significant development / was transformed dramatically''
* ''made way for'' → ''the forest made way for a housing estate''

== 12. Penghubung antar-kalimat ==

''However, / Nevertheless, / In addition, / Furthermore, / Meanwhile, / As a result, / Notably, / Interestingly,''

'''Aturan:''' jangan spam — 1 per 2-3 kalimat cukup.

== Peringatan pola error pribadi ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Error !! Salah !! Benar
|-
| "level" nempel di uncountable noun || <s>the proportion level of households</s> || the proportion of households
|-
| Artikel pada countable vs uncountable || <s>a sharp growth</s> || a sharp rise (countable) / sharp growth (uncountable, tanpa artikel)
|-
| Overclaiming absolut || <s>ownership always increased</s> || ownership generally rose / rose overall
|}

== Progress drill ==

* ☐ Bagian 3-4: verba tren + adverb — tulis 10 kalimat
* ☐ Bagian 5: dua struktur inti — konversi 5 kalimat bolak-balik (verb ↔ noun form)
* ☐ Bagian 6-7: angka + perbandingan — deskripsikan 1 tabel dummy
* ☐ Bagian 1-2: intro + overview — parafrase 5 soal
* ☐ Bagian 10: process diagram — tulis 1 full response
* ☐ Bagian 11: maps — tulis 1 full response
* ☐ Simulasi timed 20 menit × 3